NHTSA
Since 1978 the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration or the NHTSA has been crash-testing vehicles under controlled circumstances in America.
Based on three different tests, this allows them the authority to give ratings in the form of a star system based upon their findings for individual makes and models.
American auto manufacturers safety efforts are in large part due to the results of these tests.
OSA
The National Organization for Automotive Safety & Victims’ Aid or OSA assess the overall safety of the highest selling makes and models in Japan.